One of the most challengeable concepts in humanities is concept of “CIVILIZATION”. There is no agreement on its definition and orientation. In spite of much literature has been produced on “CIVILIZATION”, but everyone has especial approach. Some of them look at the past and realize CIVILIZATION as a historical phenomenon. Some of them look at the present and realize CIVILIZATION as a project. Some of them look at the future and think about the end of CIVILIZATION. In the last group, some thinkers are worry and predict horror and savage and some other thinkers are happy about the end of CIVILIZATION. Also, some thinkers define CIVILIZATION as an ideology. In this article, we tried to glimpse these views and conceptualize from problematics of culture/CIVILIZATION and interpret approaches of CIVILIZATION.

ABSTRACT Over the past 50 years since the first RESEARCH in the field of urban development implementation plans, there has been a noticeable absence of a comprehensive literature review on this topic in the global arena. This article provides a textual analysis related to the subject of urban development implementation plans, to identify important and recurring themes alongside analyzing the relationships between authors, journals, and countries in this field. Along with the bibliographic analysis, documents related to the field of urban development implementation plans were reviewed to identify influential indicators in their implementation. To this end, 456 scientific articles were extracted from the Scopus scientific database as of October 28th, 2022, and analyzed using scientometric software. These analyses include examining author keywords, country co-authorships, journal bibliographic coupling, and author co-citations. In this study, 74 final indicators were identified as the most recurrent indicators in this field. The bibliographic analysis also produced several noteworthy results. The United States is the most active country in this field, with a link strength of 40 and 176 articles. Berke, P. is the most influential author in this field, with a link strength of 1623 and 99 citations. Among the journals examined, "Land Use Policy" has the highest bibliographic coupling strength of 84, and the "Journal of the American Planning Association" has the highest number of documents related to this field, with 22 documents; finally, among the identified. Extended Abstract Introduction The implementation of urban development projects has been a neglected topic in public policy RESEARCH, despite its critical importance in ensuring the success of such projects. While there have been numerous studies on the factors that contribute to the success or failure of policy implementation, there has been a lack of systematic reviews on the subject of implementation as a whole. This study aims to address this gap in knowledge by providing a comprehensive overview of the implementation process of urban development projects. This study aims to address this gap in knowledge by providing a comprehensive overview of the implementation process of urban development projects. The study begins by collecting and categorizing existing RESEARCH in the field, focusing on three main questions: -What are the key indicators for successful implementation? -What are urban journals and articles' current trends and performance? -How do countries and RESEARCHers collaborate in this area? The study also examines the relationships between authors, publishers, and different types of documents through bibliographic analysis. Ultimately, this study highlights the need for further RESEARCH and a more structured approach to understanding the implementation process of urban development projects.   Methodology This study examined the literature related to implementation and evaluation plans in urban and land use planning. The authors used the Scopus database to extract and collect data, focusing on combining the keywords "implementation-plan" and "evaluation-plan" in the keywords, abstracts, and titles. Initially, 621 studies were extracted, but 456 articles were selected as the final database after filtering out non-article documents. The authors observed a general upward trend for studies from 1968 to 2022, with a significant increase in the slope of the trend from 2007. However, a slight decrease in studies was observed in 2021 and 2022, possibly due to the global pandemic and the emergence of new related topics. The authors used a four-stage process to analyze the bibliographic subject of the study, including simultaneous occurrence analysis, co-authorship analysis, bibliographic coupling analysis, co-citation analysis, content analysis, and thematic analysis. The authors identified the selected articles' RESEARCH objectives, methodologies, findings, and main themes and sub-themes. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature on implementation and evaluation plans in urban and land use planning.   Results and discussion This RESEARCH aims to comprehensively analyze the implementation and execution of urban development plans using bibliometrics and systematic analysis. The study considers evaluation as a crucial part of the implementation process and seeks to answer three fundamental questions. Firstly, it identifies effective indicators of implementation and execution globally. Secondly, it examines the trends and performances of new articles and urban journals. Thirdly, it investigates the pattern of cooperation among countries and RESEARCHers. The study identifies 74 general indicators that significantly impact the implementation process of urban plans. The results show that "performance evaluation," "effectiveness," "land use," "zonation," "participation," "PROGRAM quality," and "implementation PROGRAM" are critical indicators in this area. The study also highlights the importance of evaluation in the discussion of PROGRAM implementation and its separability from the implementation process. Using the scientometric software VOSviewer, the study analyzed 68 keywords related to the bibliographic topic. "PROGRAM evaluation" obtained the first place, followed by "PROGRAM implementation" and "PROGRAM quality." The co-authorship analysis based on author items revealed that Berke, P. has the highest number of citations and link strength. Additionally, the study found that 72 countries have RESEARCH in this field, with 22 countries having at least 5 citations that were clustered into 5 clusters by the software. The "land use policy" journal had the highest link strength, and the "Journal of the American planning association" had the highest number of documents related to this field. In conclusion, the study provides valuable insights for policymakers and RESEARCHers interested in urban development planning. It comprehensively examines the implementation and execution of urban development plans, identifies effective indicators, and investigates the pattern of cooperation among countries and RESEARCHers. The study highlights the importance of evaluation in the implementation process and its separability from the implementation process.   Conclusion The main goal of this RESEARCH was to fill the gap in RESEARCH on the implementation and execution of urban development projects in the field, as no systematic review of the topic has been conducted from a global perspective since the first RESEARCH in this field about half a century ago. Only in some studies, such as those by Talen (1996), Oliveira & Pinho (2010), Rudolf & Grădinaru (2017), has the evaluation of implementation been systematically reviewed, or the systematic review of experiences in a specific urban area, such as the review of various experiences in the Beijing urban area (Chu, 2020). In this RESEARCH, with the comprehensive approach that the evaluation of implementation is an integral part of the overall process of implementing and executing urban development projects, this process has been examined from the perspective of bibliometrics and systematic analysis of this field. The main difference of this RESEARCH, which makes it completely new, is firstly having a comprehensive approach to the implementation field, where PROGRAM evaluation is only an important part of its structure, and secondly, using the scientometric software VOSviewer for the first time in this field. In essence, the conclusive outcomes of this investigation were entirely novel and exhibited some partial congruences with antecedent studies in the domain of appraising and discerning indicators. Significantly, this RESEARCH has conferred a systematic appraisal of the literature concerning the urban implementation and execution of projects, which is an unprecedented contribution. It should be acknowledged that this is an initial survey of data intended to offer a comprehensive outlook on this scholarly field, and thus it is subject to certain limitations, such as its confinement to the Scopus database. As such, it is recommended that future RESEARCH endeavors encompass an analysis of additional databases and undertake comparative evaluations of the results. Funding There is no funding support.   Authors’ Contribution Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest.   Acknowledgments  We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

Artifacts are ubiquitous and influential in our world, but their nature and existence are controversial. Several theories have been proposed to explain the ontology of artifacts. Drawing on Popper's theory of three worlds, this paper suggests a metaphysics for artifacts along the line of a critical rationalist (CR) approach. This theory distinguishes between three realms of reality: the physical world (World 1), the mental world (World 2), and the world of objective knowledge (World 3). The paper argues that artifacts have different ontological components that correspond to these three realms, and that each component is real and causal. The paper shows how this perspective can account for the intentional and functional aspects of artifacts, as well as their dependence on plans that influence different realms of reality. The paper explains how this pluralistic ontology, compared to the rival theories, enables one to explain the relevant ontological problems of artifacts. The paper also explores how this proposal can lead to a RESEARCH PROGRAM encompassing a broader range of technologies, such as social artifacts. In sum, the paper suggests that Popper's three worlds theory provides a rich and comprehensive framework for understanding the metaphysics of artifacts.

Regarding the way of facing the West and modernity, Ahmed Fardid is among the thinkers who, by adopting a philosophical and judgmental approach, rejects modernity, philosophy, and western CIVILIZATION in its entirety. Fardid considers modernity and the West to have an inherent crisis and considers any attempt to patch up modernity with Eastern religions or cultures futile. Fardid, who is the creator of the word “Gharbzadegi (Westoxification)”, considers human sciences and Western CIVILIZATION to be nothing more than the inciting soul vanities and blasphemy. By adopting an essentialist and negative approach towards the modern world, he calls for a complete break from the subjectivism and humanism associated with the modern world and a return to Islamic-oriented philosophy (Hekmat-e Onsi). Seyyed Hossein Nasr, as a traditionalist thinker, rejects Western CIVILIZATION and modernity as a unified whole. He wants to incorporate modern science and reason and take perennial philosophy. In this paper, via a comparative analysis method, this hypothesis is examined that although Fardid and Nasr are sympathizers in the complete negation and rejection of the modern world, Fardid confronts modernity and its consequent subjectivism using Heidegger’s western thought. This is when Nasr confronts modernity from the perspective of a traditionalist thinker who believes in the foundations of tradition. Nasr considers the return to the perennial philosophy to solve confronting the Western world and modernity, but Fardid faced with the modern world, emphasizes that although modernity is the exposure of self-fulfillment, one must strive to overcome it. It is difficult to return to the past.

Resistance is one of the fundamental Quranic values in the cause of the development of the Islamic society and the formation of the Islamic CIVILIZATION, which means standing and resisting against something has upset the balance in internal and external dimensions. The formation of this value in the society as one of the methods of the conventional model of human life in the fields of human life; So that its manifestation can be observed in the totality of social behaviors, it is called the culture of resistance (Problem statement). The purpose of this article is the achievement of the engineering process of this value in a society based on the growth-oriented thought (ideological) system of the Holy Quran (Purpose). Now the question is what process does the Holy Quran propose in order to engineer the culture of resistance in the society? (Question). The necessity of examining this issue is clear considering the emphasis of religious teachings on this value and the need for Islamic societies, especially considering the current conditions of Islam and the need for convergence and coordination between the resistance front (Necessity). The RESEARCH method in stating the engineering process and its components is qualitative content analysis with an analogy approach (Method). The findings of the RESEARCH show that the engineering process of resistance culture is based on a self-awareness and purposefulness, according to the idea of Quranic growth, in a three-stage process that leads to the happiness of man and human society (Conclusion).

There are two approaches for simulating memory as well as learning in artificial intelligence; the functionalistic approach and the cognitive approach. The necessary condition to put the second approach into account is to provide a model of brain activity that contains a quite good congruence with observational facts such as mistakes and forgotten experiences. Given that human memory has a solid core that includes the components of our identity, our family and our hometown, the major and determinative events of our lives, and the countless repeated and accepted facts of our culture, the more we go to the peripheral spots the data becomes flimsier and more easily exposed to oblivion. It was essential to propose a model in which the topographical differences are quite distinguishable. In our proposed model, we have translated this topographical situation into quantities, which are attributed to the nodes. The result is an edge-weighted graph with mass-based values on the nodes which demonstrates the importance of each atomic proposition, as a truth, for an intelligent being. Furthermore, it dynamically develops and modifies, and in successive phases, it changes the mass of the nodes and weight of the edges depending on gathered inputs from the environment.

The study of CIVILIZATION in the realm of humanities in our country does not have much of a boom,in particular, there are many issues that need to be RESEARCHed from the perspective of conceptual and methodological approaches to CIVILIZATION. Among such issues is the concept of new Islamic CIVILIZATION. This article deals with the RESEARCH critique of the book Razavi CIVILIZATION, which can be placed under the approaches of new Islamic CIVILIZATION,however, this book lacks a methodological and scientific view of the issue. After the introduction of the book and other works of the author in this field, the importance of the issue of new Islamic CIVILIZATION has been mentioned, and then we briefly enumerate the principles and foundations of book criticism and analysis, which includes a methodological view of the problem and a perspective of the characteristics of a scientific RESEARCH book. The analysis of the book is done in two parts: formal criticism and content criticism according to the dimensions of the advantages and disadvantages,and then it is shown that despite the advantages such as the discussion of the new Islamic CIVILIZATION, attention to the role of CIVILIZATION of Shiite Imams and passive ignorance of the role of Imams (as) in history, but this book has structural and methodological shortcomings, such as: lack of definition of conceptual system, lack of logical order, non-argumentative and undocumented, methodological flaws and lack of analytical aspect. The necessity of analyzing the network of concepts of the family of CIVILIZATION, the necessity of drawing and explaining the philosophy of history from the Shiite perspective, the importance of methodical critique of CIVILIZATION texts, paying attention to the role of the relationship between religious science and new Islamic CIVILIZATION, the need for a methodological view of the issue of CIVILIZATION and adherence to the requirements of such studies are some of the results that this study emphasizes in the end.

Purpose: Resilience in start-ups is a challenging issue that has caught the attention of policymakers and business owners. The present study is an attempt to provide a model for designing the resilience model of start-up businesses as a path to the future of start-up businesses. Method: This RESEARCH is practical in terms of purpose and from the perspective of data collection is a qualitative RESEARCH that has been done by content analysis method. The data collection method is semi-structured interview. Interviews with participants continued until they reached the theoretical saturation point, which was achieved by conducting 15 interviews. Participants were selected by snowball and purposeful method and data analysis was done through three coding steps (open, axial, selective) with MAXQDA2020 software. Findings: Based on the RESEARCH results, the components of "cognitive resilience, financial resilience, adaptive resilience" as well as the effective organizational factors of "precedent, drivers and boys and resilience consequences" were identified. In this RESEARCH, foresight and futures studies were identified as the drivers of resilience of start-up businesses. Conclusion: Resilience enables businesses to respond effectively to the dynamic conditions of their environment and maximize their competencies through strategic foresight and as a result gain more value than their competitors in the field of business. In this regard, the integration of foresight in the process of business resilience can be suggested as a facilitator of drivers.

AbstractPurpose: The velocity of change in the surrounding world has forced them to identify those factors which impact their change capacity. The present study was conducted to identify and prioritize influential factors on organizational change capacity.Methodology: In terms of purpose, this was explorative and applied RESEARCH. Its population included ten familiar experts with RESEARCH subjects in a RESEARCH and training center. By reviewing the literature on change capacity, relevant, influential factors were identified, and they were concurred by the fuzzy Delphi technique, and then they were ranked. After recognizing influential factors, a pair comparisons questionnaire was distributed among ten experts, and after gathering the questionnaires, effecting factors were ranked using the Expert Choice11 Software package and AHP technique.Findings: Results show that organizational culture, structure, and style of leadership were the main factors that impacted change capacity.Conclusion: The influential factors can be divided into three categories: environmental, content, and structural elements. Environmental factors include environment and innovation; content factors include team working, intellectual capital, leadership, political behavior, and human resource management; Structural elements include strategy, structure, organizational policies, information technology, knowledge management, and technology. Value: This is the first time in the literature that the influential variables affecting the change capacity were recognized and categorized in a conceptual classification that has not been seen in the previous RESEARCH.